title: Structure of null sets in Euclidean space. Some results and open problems lecture at the conference "Real Analysis, Geometric Measure Theory, PDE and Banach Spaces". University of Warwick, August 17-19, 2007. abstract: I will describe a decomposition theorem for sets of measure zero in the plane which can be deduced from an elementary combinatorial result (Dillworth's lemma). I will then outline a few applications to some elementary questions in Geometric Measure Theory, and in particular to the construction of non-differentiable Lipschitz functions. The extension of these results to higher dimensions is mostly open. This is joint work with D. Preiss (Warwick) and M. Cs\"ornyei (University College London).